Source: ‘Hukm al-Jāhiliyyah by al-Allāmah Ahmad ibn Muhammad Shākir رحمه الله

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It is established that the Prophet ﷺ stoned (to death) a Jewish man and woman, this is a refutation of the one who claims that he ﷺ ruled between the People of the Book with their Legislation.

The Shaykh [Ahmad ibn Muhammad Shākir رحمه الله] said:

“Indeed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ only judged between them in accordance with what he ﷺ would judge between the Muslims; meaning with that which his Lord has legislated, and revealed to him ﷺ, (he did) as his Lord ordered him ﷺ to do. His Lord prohibited him ﷺ from following them (the People of the Book) in their desires, and (He has prohibited him) to return to them in their Legislation. However; only in this instance he instructed them to return to their Torah in order to establish a proof against them. This was a way to disgrace them for doctoring with their religion, and other religions. We were only ordered to follow this Messenger ﷺ who was sent with an authoritative book (the Qur’an), not to follow them (the People of the Book), and not to take anything from them.’

Then the Shaykh went on to say: ‘Whoever claims that it is permissible for a Muslim to judge between the People of the Book using their legislation, even though in reality they don’t have a legislation, rather it is just desires of the different sects and groups among them, then such a person has opposed the commands of Allah, without any justification. If such a person continues and insists on such things, then he has without a doubt left the fold of Islam.

Whoever intentionally and knowingly judges by other than what Allah has legislated, then he is a disbeliever, and whosoever is pleased with such a thing and endorses it then he also is a disbeliever. This is even if he claims to have judged and ruled by the “Legislation of the People of the Book” or what is called “Statutory Legislation, or Law“, all of it is disbelief and exiting the religion.

We seek refuge in Allah from that.”